Class BulkCreateQuery

tortoise/queryset.py:2010–2225

class BulkCreateQuery(AwaitableQuery, Generic[MODEL]):
    __slots__ = (
        "_objects",
        "_ignore_conflicts",
        "_batch_size",
        "_db",
        "_executor",
        "_update_fields",
        "_on_conflict",
    )

    def __init__(
        self,
        model: type[MODEL],
        db: BaseDBAsyncClient,
        objects: Iterable[MODEL],
        batch_size: int | None = None,
        ignore_conflicts: bool = False,
        update_fields: Iterable[str] | None = None,
        on_conflict: Iterable[str] | None = None,
    ):
        super().__init__(model)
        self._objects = objects
        self._ignore_conflicts = ignore_conflicts
        self._batch_size = batch_size
        self._db = db
        self._update_fields = update_fields
        self._on_conflict = on_conflict

    def _analyze_db_default_fields(self, columns: list[str]) -> set[str]:
        """Classify each db_default field across all instances.

        Returns a set of field names to omit from the INSERT (all instances
        use DatabaseDefault for that field). Raises OperationalError if a
        field has mixed usage (some instances provide a value, others don't).
        """

        fields_map = self.model._meta.fields_map
        db_default_field_names = [fn for fn in columns if fields_map[fn].has_db_default()]
        if not db_default_field_names:
            return set()

        omit_fields: set[str] = set()
        for field_name in db_default_field_names:
            has_default = False
            has_value = False
            for instance in self._objects:
                if isinstance(getattr(instance, field_name), DatabaseDefault):
                    has_default = True
                else:
                    has_value = True
                if has_default and has_value:
                    raise OperationalError(
                        f"Cannot use bulk_create() when field '{field_name}' has "
                        f"db_default and some instances provide explicit values while "
                        f"others rely on the database default. Either: "
                        f"(a) set the value explicitly on ALL instances, "
                        f"(b) omit it from ALL instances to use the database default, or "